No it's the opposite, the entire premise of Docker over VMs is that you run one instance of all the OS stuff that's shared so it takes less resources than a VM and the portable images are smaller because they don't contain the OS image.
The premise is containerization, not necessarily particular resource usage by the host running the containers.
For hosted services, you want to choose - is it worth running a single kernel with a lot of containers for the cost savings from shared resources, or isolate them by making them different VMs. There are certainly products for containers which lean towards the latter, at least by default.
For development it matters a lot less, as long as the sum resources of containers you are planning to run don't overload the system.
The VM option is relatively new and the original idea was to provide that isolation without the weight of a VM. Also I'm not sure that docker didn't coin the word containerization, I've alway associated it with specifically the kind of packaging docker provides and don't remember it being mentioned around VMs.
On Windows containers you can chose if the kernel is shared across containers or not, it in only on Linux containers mode that the kernel gets shared.